Formal assessment vs Informal
assessment
Formal assessment
Formal assessment uses formal tests
or structured continuous assessment to evaluate a learner's level of language.
It can be compared to informal assessment, which involves observing the learners'
performance as they learn and evaluating them from the data gathered.
Example
At the end of the course, the learners have a final exam to see if they pass to the next course or not. Alternatively, the results of a structured continuous assessment process are used to make the same decision.
At the end of the course, the learners have a final exam to see if they pass to the next course or not. Alternatively, the results of a structured continuous assessment process are used to make the same decision.
In the
classroom
Informal and formal assessments are both useful for making valid and useful assessments of learners' knowledge and performance. Many teachers combine the two, for example by evaluating one skill using informal assessment such as observing group work, and another using formal tools, for example a discrete item grammar test.
Informal and formal assessments are both useful for making valid and useful assessments of learners' knowledge and performance. Many teachers combine the two, for example by evaluating one skill using informal assessment such as observing group work, and another using formal tools, for example a discrete item grammar test.
Kind of test :
·
Multiple-choice
exam
·
Essays
·
Short-answer
or problem-solving exam
·
Lab
report
·
Research
paper
·
Performance-based
("authentic") - interpreting a piece of music, writing a computer
program, constructing a three-dimensional model of a scientific concept, etc.
·
Oral
Presentations
·
Comprehensive
portfolios
Informal Assessment
An informal assessment is a method
of measuring an individual's performance by casually watching their behavior or
using other informal techniques. Informal assessments are different from formal
assessments such as standardized tests or graded formal presentations because
the graded individual is less aware of the assessment in progress.
Example
The teacher has carried out informal assessment of the learners during speaking activities throughout the course by keeping notes about how well individuals are doing in speaking and uses the data gathered to evaluate the learners at the end of the course.
The teacher has carried out informal assessment of the learners during speaking activities throughout the course by keeping notes about how well individuals are doing in speaking and uses the data gathered to evaluate the learners at the end of the course.
In the
classroom
Informal and formal assessments are both useful for making valid and useful assessments of learners' knowledge and performance. Many teachers combine the two, for example by evaluating one skill using informal assessment such as observing group work, and another using formal tools, for example a discrete item grammar test.
Informal and formal assessments are both useful for making valid and useful assessments of learners' knowledge and performance. Many teachers combine the two, for example by evaluating one skill using informal assessment such as observing group work, and another using formal tools, for example a discrete item grammar test.
Kind of test
:
"Minute Essays" - at the end of a class/unit,
students take 5 minutes to write about what they have learned, and how it
relates to a learning objective
"Peer Teaching" - after a short lecture about a
new concept, have students work in pairs and explain that concept to each other
"Question Time" - students are given an index card
and asked to record two questions they have about the material covered in
lecture that day/week. Allow time in the next class period to respond to some
of the more common questions
"5 Minute Quiz" - at the beginning of class, give
students one or two questions over material covered in the previous class
session. Discuss answers and do a show of hands to see how many understand the
concepts.
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